Impact investing
Impact investing goes beyond ESG: the social or environmental impact is the primary investment goal – not just a side effect.
Difference from ESG:
• ESG: excludes "bad" companies (no coal, no weapons). Impact is a filter
• Impact: invests SPECIFICALLY in solutions (renewable energy, microfinance, clean water). Impact is the goal
Examples:
• Microfinance funds: finance micro-loans in developing countries (2–4% return + social impact)
• Social impact bonds: finance social programmes (homelessness support, education) – the state pays if they succeed
• Clean energy funds: finance solar and wind projects in poorer countries
Return: impact investments often deliver 2–6% – less than the stock market, but with a measurable positive impact. For investors who don't just want to make money but also bring about change.
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